How to Make a Mosque Dome?
Masjid dome has many features and elements that need attention. A special design is created for the dome according to the characteristics of the mosque and the shape of the area. For this reason, since the elements are not taken into account, mosques that are integrated with the area and the building cannot be revealed. How to Make a Mosque Dome?
To create durable and pleasant-looking mosques that are integrated with the structure in terms of design, our company creates a mosque design specifically for the dome. In this way, it is ensured that the building elements used in the mosque are used in place and correctly.
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What Is Mosque Dome?
The mosque dome is defined as a carrier system formed by the rotation of an arch around its axis. This building cover, which is usually in the form of a hemisphere, comes to the fore, especially in mosques. This architectural element, which was applied in ancient times, has become one of the elements that isolate the mosque in a way, by becoming a must for mosques over time.
Although the dimensions of the dome, which is an indispensable element in mosques, have shrunk from past to present, these structures haven’t lost their splendor. Among the domes created by the blend of Ottoman culture and local architecture, the most used pendentive domes in the past.
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Load Bearing Mechanism Of The Dome
The dome mechanism is used to cover square, polygonal, and circular planned structures. Domes exert their weight as well as other vertical forces along their surfaces. It enables the creation of solid structures.
The transport principle is applied in domes, starting from the top keystone of the load of the dome that can be transferred to neighboring stones based on transmission to the base. For this reason, the dome is horizontal and vertical, on the base of which loads are applied components are of great importance.
Vertical components are transferred to the floor by the arch and wall-like elements that are responsible for holding the dome. Horizontal components, on the other hand, are transferred by being supported by a tensioner. Architect Sinan uses different construction techniques in the construction of the dome.
Auxiliary Elements Of Load Bearing
Mosque domes are formed with the help of auxiliary elements. To create a durable and solid dome, carrier surface elements are needed around the dome. In this way, the principle of transport is realized.
The principle of carrying is called transferring the load from the keystone at the top to the neighboring stones and transmitting it to the base. The auxiliary elements used to ensure this principle are as follows:
- Pulley
- Pendant
- Belt
- Elephant foot, pier, and palpate
- Weight tower
Thanks to these elements, mosques can be built that can withstand natural elements. Our company is knowledgeable about dome construction and technical information on domes and produces mosques that will last for many years. You can choose us to build strong and durable mosques.
Sinan’s Dome Techniques
In Ottoman mosque architecture, especially the dome is considered a design criterion. Domes, which are seen as the main structure giving shape to the building, play the biggest role in the design. Leaving the previous examples behind in these matters, Sinan has brought unique works to the history of world architecture.
Architect Sinan produced various dome techniques by experimenting with some formal arrangements. Architect Sinan, who worked to increase the aesthetic quality of the dome without compromising its geometric purity, has experimented throughout his life.
The techniques used by the Sinan ensure the integration of the dome with the building. By centering the superstructure of the buildings, he used supporters at the lower level around the domes. Architect Sinan, who generally supports the central domes with half domes, created support systems for the domes in this way and determined the main systems of the domes.
Support System Of A Dome
The dome support system is very important because of its role in the durability of mosques. The support system is specially designed for the mosque. It makes mosques more resistant to natural disasters and certain effects. These systems, which add aesthetic value to the mosque, also help the mosques to stand for long.
Architect Sinan comes to mind as the person who produces the most methods, be it the support system in the mosques, or the use, and aesthetics of the mosques. The systems preferred by Sinan, who found special rates for the support system, are mentioned below.
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1-Square Support System
The square support system is used to make a stronger interior. In this system, which was created based on interior and exterior mass, a new system is created by determining especially suitable ratios. Examples of this system are best seen in the Süleymaniye Mosque.
In the Süleymaniye Mosque, two half domes are used next to the main dome. However, the half dome was placed on four large carrier pillars, allowing the area to be expanded. It is necessary to have long-term experience and knowledge to make this system, which affects the field both in appearance and function.
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2-Hexagonal Support System
Architect Sinan, who implemented a different building program in Istanbul, decided to use a hexagonal support system as a result of his research and the proportions he found. Sinan, who made a design with a hexagonal dome, has achieved perfect spatial integrity in terms of design.
Kadırga Sokullu Mehmet Pasha Mosque is the best example of a hexagonal dome. In this mosque, which is connected to every wall with its hexagonal dome, the structure completely integrated with the volume creates an eye-catching appearance. This mosque, which everyone watches with admiration, is quite successful in terms of design and aesthetics.
3-Octagonal Support System
The octagonal domed mosque is also visible, especially the Selimiye Mosque in Edirne. To solve the problem of providing spatial unity under a dome, an octagonal dome was preferred. Wanting a congregation and a large opening to pass under the same dome, Sinan achieves his goal with the octagonal dome.
Like the other mosques Sinan built, this dome structure, which works both in terms of functionality and appearance, is also very durable. Sinan’s Selimiye Mosque, which creates a different and special support system with its octagonal shape, still fascinates those who see it.
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